編輯點(diǎn)評(píng):2020年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)(一)試題及答案解析
2020年官方全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)(一)試題及答案解析pdf文件免費(fèi)附上,需要考研的同學(xué)可以參考一下,本站提供的高清無(wú)水印還附上了答案及解析的完整套卷,需要的自己下載。
2020考研英語(yǔ)一真題pdf預(yù)覽
考生注意事項(xiàng)
1,答題前,考生須在試題冊(cè)指定位置上填寫考生姓名和考生編號(hào):在答題卡指定位置上填寫報(bào)考單位、考生姓名和考生編號(hào),并涂寫考生編號(hào)信息點(diǎn)。
2,考生須把試題冊(cè)上的“試卷?xiàng)l形碼”粘貼條取下,粘貼在答題卡的“試卷?xiàng)l形碼粘貼位置”框中。不按規(guī)定粘貼條形碼而影響試卷結(jié)果的,責(zé)任由考生自負(fù)。
3,選擇題的答案必須涂寫在答題卡相應(yīng)題號(hào)的選項(xiàng)上,非選擇題的答案必須書(shū)寫在答題紙指定位置的邊框區(qū)域內(nèi)。超出答題區(qū)域?qū)懙拇鸢笩o(wú)效;在草稿紙、試題冊(cè)上答題無(wú)效。
4.填(書(shū))寫部分必須使用黑色字跡簽字筆或者鋼筆書(shū)寫,字跡工整、筆跡清楚;涂寫部分必須使用2B鉛筆填涂。
5,考試結(jié)束,將答題卡和試題冊(cè)按規(guī)定交回。
試題預(yù)覽
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET (10 points)
Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are
available on our smart phones. I of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But
phones 2 on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize, 3 you get lost without
a phone or a compass, and you 4 cant find north, a few tricks to help you navigate_5 to
civilization, one of which is to follow the land.
When you find yourself well 6 a trail, but not in a completely 7 area, you have to
answer two questions: Which 8 is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest
water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water._9 ,if
you head downhill, and follow any H20 you find, you should 10 see signs of people
If you’ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights-you may be 11
how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings.
Another 12 Climb high and look for signs of human habitation. 13 even in dense
fores, you should be able to 14 gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other
paths people carve 15 the woods. Head toward these 16 to find a way out. At might
can the horizon for 17 light sources such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow
of light pollution.
18 , assuming you're lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the 19 we
leave on the landscape. Trail blazes tire tracks. and other features can 20 you to civilization.
1. [A]Some [B]Most [C] Few [D] All
2. [A]put [B]take [C] run [D] come
3. [A]Since [B]If [C]Though [D] until
4. [A]Formally [B]relatively [C] gradually [D] literally
5. [A] back [B]next [C] around [D] away
6. [A] onto [B]off [C]across [D] alone
7. [A] unattractive [B]uncrowded [C]unchanged [D]unfamiliar
8.[A] site [B]point [C]way [D] place
9. [A] So [B]Yet [C]Instead [D] Besides
lO. [A] immediately [B] intentionally [C] unexpectedly [D]eventually
11. [A] surprised [B] annoyed [C] frightened [D]confused
12. [A] problem [B]option [C]view [D] result
13. [A] Above all [B] In contrast [C]On average [D] For example
14. [A]bridge [B] avoid [C]spot [D] separate
15. [A]form [B]through [C] beyond [D] Under
16. [A] posts [B]links [C] shades [D]breaks
17. [A] artificial [B] mysterious [C]hidden [D]limited
18. [A] Finally [B]Consequently [C]Incidentally [D] Generally
19. [A] memories [B]marks [C]notes [D]belongings
20. [A]restrict [B]adopt [C] lead [D] expose
2020年考研英語(yǔ)(一)真題及答案解析:
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts, Answer the questions each text by choosing A B. C or D.
Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET (40 points)
Text 1
Financial regulators in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks.
Starting next year. any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 1o years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this " clawback" rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk taking and to restore public trust in financial institution, Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long term decision-making not only by banks but by all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations.
“Short-termism” or the desire for quick profits, has worsened in publicly traded companies.
says the Bank of England's top economist. Andrew Haldane. He quotes a gaint of classical
economics, Alfred Marshall in describing this financial impatience as acting like" Children who
pick the plums out of their pudding to eat them at once” rather than putting them aside to be eaten last.
The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain. he notes has
dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. Transient investors, who demand
high quarterly profits from companies, can hinder a firms efforts to invest in lone-term research
or to build up customer loyalty. This has been dubbed "quarterly capitalism”.
In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities quicker use
of information, and thus shorters attention spans in financial markets. " There seems to be a
predominance of short- term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,” said Commissioner
Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in a speech this week.
In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Acl of 2002 has pushed most public companies to defer
考研英語(yǔ)一介紹
I. 考試性質(zhì)
英語(yǔ)(一)考試是為高等學(xué)校和科研院所招收碩士研究生而設(shè)置的具有選拔性質(zhì)的全國(guó)統(tǒng)一入學(xué)考試科目,其目的是科學(xué)、公平、有效地測(cè)試考生對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的運(yùn)用能力,評(píng)價(jià)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是高等學(xué)校非英語(yǔ)專業(yè)本科畢業(yè)生所能達(dá)到的及格或及格以上水平,以保證被錄取者具有一定的英語(yǔ)水平,并有利于各高等學(xué)校和科研院所在專業(yè)上擇優(yōu)選拔。
II. 考查目標(biāo)
考生應(yīng)掌握下列語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和技能:
(一)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)
1. 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)
考生應(yīng)能熟練地運(yùn)用基本的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。
本大綱沒(méi)有專門列出對(duì)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的具體要求,其目的是鼓勵(lì)考生用聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫的實(shí)踐代替單純的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí),以求考生在交際中能更準(zhǔn)確、自如地運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。
2. 詞匯
考生應(yīng)能掌握5 500左右的詞匯以及相關(guān)附表中的內(nèi)容。
除掌握詞匯的基本含義外,考生還應(yīng)掌握詞匯之間的詞義關(guān)系,如同義詞、近義詞、反義詞等;掌握詞匯之間的搭配關(guān)系,如動(dòng)詞與介詞、形容詞與介詞、形容詞與名詞等;掌握詞匯生成的基本知識(shí),如詞源、詞根、詞綴等。
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的演化是一個(gè)世界范圍內(nèi)的動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)展過(guò)程,它受到科技發(fā)展和社會(huì)進(jìn)步的影響。這意味著需要對(duì)本大綱詞匯表不斷進(jìn)行研究和定期的修訂。
此外,全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)英語(yǔ)統(tǒng)一考試(一)是為非英語(yǔ)專業(yè)考生設(shè)置的?紤]到交際的需要,考生還應(yīng)自行掌握與本人工作或?qū)I(yè)相關(guān)的詞匯,以及涉及個(gè)人好惡、生活習(xí)慣和宗教信仰等方面的詞匯。
(二)語(yǔ)言技能
1. 閱讀
考生應(yīng)能讀懂選自各類書(shū)籍和報(bào)刊的不同類型的文字材料(生詞量不超過(guò)所讀材料總詞匯量的3%),還應(yīng)能讀懂與本人學(xué)習(xí)或工作有關(guān)的文獻(xiàn)資料、技術(shù)說(shuō)明和產(chǎn)品介紹等。對(duì)所讀材料,考生應(yīng)能:
1)理解主旨要義;
2)理解文中的具體信息;
3)理解文中的概念性含義;
4)進(jìn)行有關(guān)的判斷、推理和引申;
5)根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)生詞的詞義;
6)理解文章的總體結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文之間的關(guān)系;
7)理解作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度;
8)區(qū)分論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)。
2. 寫作
考生應(yīng)能寫不同類型的應(yīng)用文,包括私人和公務(wù)信函、備忘錄、報(bào)告等,以及一般描述性、敘述性、說(shuō)明性或議論性的文章。寫作時(shí),考生應(yīng)能:
1)做到語(yǔ)法、拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)正確,用詞恰當(dāng);
2)遵循文章的特定文體格式;
3)合理組織文章結(jié)構(gòu),使其內(nèi)容統(tǒng)一、連貫;
4)根據(jù)寫作目的和特定讀者,恰當(dāng)選用語(yǔ)域*。
*考生應(yīng)能掌握的語(yǔ)言技能包括聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫四種能力。但是由于聽(tīng)力能力和口語(yǔ)能力的考查在復(fù)試中進(jìn)行,因此這里只列出讀和寫兩種技能。
*指在書(shū)面和口語(yǔ)表達(dá)中根據(jù)不同的交際對(duì)象,所采用的話語(yǔ)方式,即正式、一般、非正式的話語(yǔ)。
III. 考試形式、考試內(nèi)容與試卷結(jié)構(gòu)
(一)考試形式
考試形式為筆試。考試時(shí)間為180分鐘。滿分為100分。
試卷包括試題冊(cè)和1張答題卡?忌鷳(yīng)將1-45題的答案按要求填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)題號(hào)的選項(xiàng)上,將46-52題的答案書(shū)寫在答題卡指定位置的邊框內(nèi)。
(二)考試內(nèi)容
試題分三部分,共52題,包括英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用、閱讀理解和寫作。
第一部分 英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用
該部分不僅考查考生對(duì)不同語(yǔ)境中規(guī)范的語(yǔ)言要素(包括詞匯、表達(dá)方式和結(jié)構(gòu))的掌握程度,而且還考查考生對(duì)語(yǔ)段特征(如連貫性和一致性等)的辨識(shí)能力等。共20小題,每小題0.5分,共10分。
在一篇240~280詞的文章中留出20個(gè)空白,要求考生從每題給出的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案,使補(bǔ)全后的文章意思通順、前后連貫、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。
第二部分 閱讀理解
該部分由A、B、C三節(jié)組成,考查考生理解書(shū)面英語(yǔ)的能力。共30小題,每小題2分,共60分。
A節(jié)(20小題):主要考查考生理解主旨要義、具體信息、概念性含義,進(jìn)行有關(guān)的判斷、推理和引申,根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)生詞的詞義等能力。要求考生根據(jù)所提供的4篇(總長(zhǎng)度約為1 600詞)文章的內(nèi)容,從每題所給出的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。
B節(jié)(5小題):主要考查考生對(duì)諸如連貫性、一致性等語(yǔ)段特征以及文章結(jié)構(gòu)的理解。本部分有3種備選題型。每次考試從這3種備選題型中選擇一種進(jìn)行考查。
備選題型有:
1)本部分的內(nèi)容是一篇總長(zhǎng)度為500-600詞的文章,其中有5段空白,文章后有6-7段文字。要求考生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容從這6-7段文字中選擇能分別放進(jìn)文章中5個(gè)空白處的5段。
2)在一篇長(zhǎng)度約500-600詞的文章中,各段落的原有順序已被打亂。要求考生根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)將所列段落(7-8個(gè))重新排序,其中有2-3個(gè)段落在文章中的位置已經(jīng)給出。
3)在一篇長(zhǎng)度約500詞的文章前或后有6-7段文字或6-7個(gè)概括句或小標(biāo)題。這些文字或標(biāo)題分別是對(duì)文章中某一部分的概括、闡述或舉例。要求考生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,從這6-7個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最恰當(dāng)?shù)?段文字或5個(gè)標(biāo)題填入文章的空白處。
C節(jié)(5小題)*:主要考查考生準(zhǔn)確理解概念或結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜的英語(yǔ)文字材料的能力。要求考生閱讀一篇約400詞的文章,并將其中5個(gè)畫(huà)線部分(約150詞)譯成漢語(yǔ),要求譯文準(zhǔn)確、完整、通順。
*碩士研究生入學(xué)考試將英譯漢試題作為閱讀理解的一部分,其目的是測(cè)試考生根據(jù)上下文準(zhǔn)確理解概念或復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)并用漢語(yǔ)正確予以表達(dá)的能力。
第三部分 寫作
該部分由A、B兩節(jié)組成,主要考查考生的書(shū)面表達(dá)能力。共30分。
A節(jié):考生根據(jù)所給情景寫出約100詞(標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不計(jì)算在內(nèi))的應(yīng)用性短文,包括私人和公務(wù)信函、備忘錄、報(bào)告等。共10分。
B節(jié):考生根據(jù)提示信息寫出一篇160-200詞的短文(標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不計(jì)算在內(nèi))。提示信息的形式有主題句、寫作提綱、規(guī)定情景、圖、表等。共20分。
支持( 0 ) 蓋樓(回復(fù))